您可以对值列表使用外连接:

You can use an outer join to a values list:

SELECT t.id 
FROM (
  values 
     ('089477'),('089485'),('089417'),('089419'),('089416'),('089415'),('082513'),('087201'),('084769'),('083467'),('089498'),
     ('089394'),('085097'),('084818'),('089497'),('085208'),('082924'),('087204'),('087257'),('084708'),('0844187'),('089119'),
     ('088475'),('089448'),('084824'),('089436'),('085200'),('086431'),('089444'),('089479'),('089486'),('089460'),('089442'),
     ('089449'),('089413'),('089420'),('084917'),('084702'),('089433'),('089437'),('089443'),('081804'),('088813'),('089480'),
     ('089441'),('087184'),('081806'),('089435'),('081784'),('089401'),('089434'),('089423'),('089384'),('089422'),('089382'),
     ('089476'),('089473'),('089406'),('089461'),('089404'),('089409'),('089410'),('089412'),('089411'),('089396'),('089006'),
     ('089381'),('089379'),('089378'),('089397'),('089405'),('080006'),('089293'),('089478'),('084846'),('085210'),('089453'),
     ('089400'),('089452'),('089389'),('089383'),('089456'),('089402'),('089394'),('089418'),('089392'),('089387'),('089399'),
     ('089101'),('089117'),('080163'),('086021'),('081059'),('089414'),('089108'),('089288'),('089447'),('089446'),('089388'),
     ('089445'),('089386'),('089430'),('088828'),('088375'),('089407'),('083429'),('088645'),('089377'),('089342'),('089337'),
     ('089332'),('081635'),('089426'),('087197'),('089425'),('087767'),('088395'),('089341'),('089349'),('082114'),('082123'),
     ('084687'),('089333'),('089297'),('087371'),('089331')
) as t(id)
  left join users u on t.id = u.trader_systems_id 
where u.trader_systems_id  is null;

您还可以返回找到和未找到的用户:

You can also return found and not found users:

select t.id, 
       u.*,
from (
   values ( .... )
) as t(id)
  left join users u on t.id = u.trader_systems_id;

如果你得到一个用逗号分隔的 ID 的字符串，你可以使用 unnest() 和 string_to_array() 把它变成一个合适的集合:

If you get a single string with comma separated IDs, you can use unnest() and string_to_array() to turn that in a proper set:

select t.id, 
       u.*,
from unnest(string_to_array('089477,089485,089417,089419,089416,..', ',',  null)) as t(id)
  left join users u on t.id = u.trader_systems_id;