我安装了 nvidia-cuda-toolkit 包:

$ sudo apt install nvidia-cuda-toolkit

它奏效了.

我在 tensorflow 网站和 nvidia 安装页面上都没有找到解决方案.我在寻找使用命令行获取 cuda 版本的方法时幸运地找到了它:如何获取cuda版本?

I did not find the solution nor on the tensorflow website nor on the nvidia installation page. I found it by luck while looking for a way to get the cuda version with a command line: How to get the cuda version?