以下是对我有用的解决方案:

Here is a solution, that works for me:

• 执行sqlsrv_configure("WarningsReturnAsErrors", 0);更改错误处理设置.
• 从BACKUP DATABASE语句中删除WITH STATS = 1.

• execute sqlsrv_configure("WarningsReturnAsErrors", 0); to change the settings for error handling.
• remove WITH STATS = 1 from BACKUP DATABASE statement.

我能够使用SQL Server的Apache 2.4，PHP 7.1.12和Microsoft PHP驱动程序(php_sqlsrv_71_ts_x86.dll，版本4.3)通过测试案例重现此问题.唯一的区别是该示例使用了SQLSRV驱动程序(我在测试环境中不能使用PDO_SQLSRV驱动程序).

I'm able to reproduce this issue with a test case using Apache 2.4, PHP 7.1.12 and Microsoft PHP Driver for SQL Server (php_sqlsrv_71_ts_x86.dll, version 4.3). The only difference is that the example uses SQLSRV Driver (I can't use PDO_SQLSRV Driver in my testing environment).

PHP

<?php
    sqlsrv_configure("WarningsReturnAsErrors", 0);

    // Connection
    $serverName = "127.0.0.1\instance,1433";
    $connectionInfo = array(
        "UID"=>"user",
        "PWD"=>"password",
        "Database"=>"ProdDB"
    );
    $conn = sqlsrv_connect($serverName, $connectionInfo);
    if ($conn === false) {
        echo "Unable to connect.</br>";
        die(var_export(sqlsrv_errors(), true));
    }

    // Backup database
    $strSQL = file_get_contents("archdata.sql");
    if (!empty($strSQL)) {
        $query = sqlsrv_query($conn, $strSQL);
        if ($query === false) {
            die(var_export(sqlsrv_errors(), true));
        } else {
            sleep(5);  
            echo "Success";
        }
    }   
?>

T-SQL(archdata.sql)

T-SQL (archdata.sql)

declare 
    @path varchar(100),
    @fileDate varchar(20),
    @fileName varchar(140)

SET @path = 'd:\Backup\'   
SELECT @fileDate = CONVERT(VARCHAR(20), GETDATE(), 112)  
SET @fileName = @path + 'ProdDB_' + @fileDate + '.BAK' 
BACKUP DATABASE ProdDB TO DISK=@fileName

别忘了给'D:\ Backup'文件夹必要的权限.

Don't forget to give necessary rights to 'D:\Backup' folder.